On Sunday, 12th May, Shuichi Oyama (PI) and Utako Aoike jointly gave an oral presentation jointly at the 35th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Association for Arid Land Studies held at Bunkyo University. This was based on collaborative work by Shuichi Oyama, Utako Aoike, and Ibrahim Mamane. The title of the presentation was ‘De-plasticization Policy and BOP Business in Niger’.